General Information
- Name
- Yiqi "Andrew" Liu
- Location
- Princeton, NJ, United States
- andrew.liu@princeton.edu
- Telephone
- (667) 218-8691
- yiqi-liu-andrew
- GitHub
- liuyiqiandrew
Education
-
Expected 2029
Ph.D. in Physics
Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Advisor: Jo Dunkley
- Research interests: Statistical inference, Monte Carlo methods, machine learning, simulation-based inference, cosmic microwave background, component separation, and Galactic foregrounds.
-
Jan 2025
M.A. in Physics
Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
-
May 2023
B.S. in Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Physics, and Mathematics
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- GPA: 3.99 / 4.00 (General Honors and Departmental Honors in all majors)
- Minor: Computer Science
Selected Awards
-
2023
- Donald E. Kerr Memorial Award, JHU top 2 graduating seniors majoring in physics
- Applied Math and Statistics Achievement Award, JHU top 6 graduating seniors majoring in applied math and statistics
-
2022
- Sigma Pi Sigma Physics Honors Society
- Provost's Undergraduate Research Award, JHU, $6,000 in funded research support
-
2020 - 2021
- Bloomberg Distinguished Professor Research Fellowship ×2, JHU, $10,000 in funded research support
-
2020 - 2022
- Dean's List
Selected Publications
-
The Simons Observatory: assessing the impact of dust complexity on the recovery of primordial B-modes
- Yiqi Liu et al. — JCAP (2025), 11, 024.
-
CSS1603+19: a low-mass polar near the cataclysmic variable period minimum
- Yiqi Liu, Hsiang-Chih Hwang, Nadia L. Zakamska, John R. Thorstensen — MNRAS (2023), 522, 2719–2731.
-
Publication profiles
Research Experience
-
2023 - Present
Graduate Researcher | Simons Observatory
Princeton, NJ | Mentors: Jo Dunkley, Susanna Azzoni
- Led a first-author study of model misspecification in cosmological inference using cross-spectrum component separation and realistic simulation ensembles.
- Developed regression and template-fitting estimators for multi-frequency polarization data, including weighted cross-template fits, harmonic filtering, and Monte Carlo uncertainty propagation.
- Designed Bayesian/MCMC and simulation analyses to quantify estimator bias, uncertainty, covariance, chance correlations, and robustness under foreground model misspecification.
- Built SO×Planck cross-correlation and calibration pipelines to validate instrument performance and foreground measurements against independent data.
-
2019 - 2023
Undergraduate Researcher | Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor
Baltimore, MD | Mentors: Charles L. Bennett, Tobias A. Marriage, Ivan L. Padilla
- Implemented and optimized a needlet-domain minimum-variance estimator for multi-frequency signal decomposition.
- Developed foreground masking and Fourier-space point-source detection methods and benchmarked estimator performance across frequency bands.
- Built Python diagnostics for temporal anomaly detection in observational time-series data using rolling-dispersion statistics.
-
2021 - 2023
Undergraduate Researcher | Zakamska Astrophysics Group
Baltimore, MD | Mentors: Nadia L. Zakamska, Hsiang-Chih Hwang
- First-authored a peer-reviewed study modeling a compact binary system using spectral decomposition and time-series fitting.
- Developed automated Python pipelines for photometric and spectroscopic feature extraction in the time and frequency domains.
Selected Technical Projects
-
2026 - Present
Benchmarking Scientific Reasoning in AI Agents | Terminal-Bench-Science
- Design executable scientific tasks that test whether AI agents construct models that generalize beyond visible evaluation constraints.
- Authored a CMB inference benchmark targeting model misspecification and restrictive assumptions that can remain statistically adequate on observed data while failing under hidden evaluation conditions.
- Review astronomy and physics tasks for scientific validity, difficulty, verifier robustness, reproducibility, and potential shortcut solutions.
-
2026 - Present
Representation Learning and Simulation-Based Inference for Cosmology
- Developing VICReg-based self-supervised representations of simulated CMB observations for downstream inference of the tensor-to-scalar ratio r.
- Investigating learned low-dimensional summaries that retain cosmological parameter information while remaining robust to foreground and observational variation.
- Exploring simulation-based inference for likelihood-free posterior estimation using learned representations.
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Spring 2026
Reinforcement Learning for Sequential Auto-Bidding
AuctionNet · COS 435 group project, Princeton University
- Developed PPO agents for sequential decision making in a replay-based auction environment subject to budget and cost-per-action constraints.
- Extended the policy with temporal observation stacking and recurrent representations to capture nonstationary market dynamics and long-horizon dependencies.
- Evaluated reward shaping, market-state features, and alternative policy architectures through controlled experiments and ablations.
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Spring 2026
Transformer Inference Systems Benchmarking
- Designed controlled experiments to study the compute–memory tradeoff of KV caching in decoder-only transformers across prompt and generation lengths.
- Benchmarked decoding throughput, end-to-end latency, cache footprint, and GPU memory behavior under cached and non-cached inference.
- Characterized cache-memory scaling, prefix reuse, CUDA allocator behavior, and performance degradation under CPU–GPU memory offloading.
Selected Talks and Presentations
-
2026 Mar
Simons Observatory: Assessing and Modeling Foreground Complexity in CMB Analyses
Oral presentation · 2026 American Physical Society Global Physics Summit, Denver, CO
-
2025 Oct
The impact of dust complexity on the recovery of r
Invited talk · Pan-Experiment Galactic Science Group, Los Angeles, CA
-
2025 Jul
From the Impact of Dust Complexity to Beyond
Invited talk · 2025 Simons Observatory Collaboration Meeting, Philadelphia, PA
-
2025 Jun
Understanding the impact of dust complexity on the recovery of the tensor-to-scalar ratio
Oral presentation · 246th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society, Anchorage, AK
-
2024 Jul
Understanding the impact of dust complexity on bias in r
Invited talk · 2024 Simons Observatory Collaboration Meeting, Chicago, IL
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2023 Mar
CMB analysis using the global-NILC method
Poster · 2023 American Physical Society March Meeting, Las Vegas, NV
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2023 Jan
CSS1603+19: a low-mass polar at the cataclysmic variable period minimum
Poster · 241st Meeting of the American Astronomical Society, Seattle, WA
Teaching
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2023 Spring
Teaching Assistant, EN.553.430/630 Intro to Statistics
Johns Hopkins University · Undergraduate/Graduate, 82 students
- Graduate-level introductory statistics course covering stochastic convergence, point estimation, hypothesis testing, and interval estimation.
-
2022 Fall
Teaching Assistant, EN.553.633 Monte Carlo Method
Johns Hopkins University · Graduate, 60 students
- Graduate-level course covering pseudorandom number generators and classical Monte Carlo algorithms including Metropolis–Hastings.
-
2020/2022 Fall
Teaching Assistant, AS.171.103 General Physics I
Johns Hopkins University · Undergraduate, 23 students, 2 semesters
- Undergraduate-level introductory physics on classical mechanics.
Skills
- Programming
- Python (NumPy, SciPy, Pandas, PyTorch, scikit-learn), C++, C, SQL, Bash, Mathematica
- Statistics & Machine Learning
- Bayesian inference, MCMC, Monte Carlo methods, regression, covariance estimation, time-series and spectral analysis, reinforcement learning, representation learning, simulation-based inference
- Computing
- High-performance computing (Slurm), Git, JupyterLab, LaTeX
- Languages
- English (fluent), Mandarin (native)